CHFI Exam Preparation Questions

1.You have been given the task to investigate web attacks on a Windows-based server. Which of the following commands will you use to look at the sessions the machine has opened with other systems?

A. Net sessions
B. Net config
C. Net share
D. Net use


2.Wireless access control attacks aim to penetrate a network by evading WLAN access control measures such as AP MAC filters and Wi-Fi port access controls. Which of the following wireless access control attacks allow the attacker to set up a rogue access point outside the corporate perimeter and then lure the employees of the organization to connect to it?
A. Ad hoc associations
B. Client mis-association
C. MAC spoofing
D. Rogue access points


3. Who is responsible for the following tasks?
Secure the scene and ensure that is maintained in a secure state until the Forensic Team advises
Make notes about the scene that will eventually be handed over to the Forensic Team
A. Non-forensics staff
B. Lawyers
C. System administrators
D. Local managers or other non-forensic staff


4. Which of the following stages in a Linux boot process involve initialization of the system’s hardware?
A. BIOS Stage
B. Bootloader Stage
C. BootROM Stage
D. Kernel Stage


5. Which of the following standard represents a legal precedent sent in 1993 by the Supreme Court of the United States regarding the admissibility of expert witnesses’ testimony during federal legal proceedings?
A. IOCE
B. SWGDE & SWGIT
C. Frye
D. Daubert


6. Which of the following tool captures and allows you to interactively browse the traffic on a network?
A. Security Task Manager
B. Wireshark
C. ThumbsDisplay
D. RegScanner


7. Which network attack is described by the following statement?
“At least five Russian major banks came under a continuous hacker attack, although online client services were not disrupted. The attack came from a wide-scale botnet involving at least 24,000 computers, located in 30 countries.”
A. DDoS
B. Sniffer Attack
C. Buffer Overflow
D. Man-in-the-Middle Attack


8. Which US law does the interstate or international transportation and receiving of child pornography fall under?
A. §18. U.S.C. 1466A
B. §18. U.S.C 252
C. §18. U.S.C 146A
D. §18. U.S.C 2252

9. Which password cracking technique uses details such as length of password, character sets used to construct the password, etc.?

A. Dictionary attack
B. Brute force attack
C. Rule-based attack
D. Man in the middle attack


10. Which of the following file contains the traces of the applications installed, run, or uninstalled from a system?
A. Shortcut Files
B. Virtual files
C. Prefetch Files
D. Image Files


11. Which of the following techniques delete the files permanently?
A. Trail obfuscation
B. Data Hiding
C. Steganography
D. Artifact Wiping


12. Which of the following tasks DOES NOT come under the investigation phase of a cybercrime forensics investigation case?
A. Data collection
B. Secure the evidence
C. First response
D. Data analysis


13.Which of the following is a list of recently used programs or opened files?
A. Most Recently Used (MRU)
B. Recently Used Programs (RUP)
C. Master File Table (MFT)
D. GUID Partition Table (GPT)


14.What type of attack sends spoofed UDP packets (instead of ping packets) with a fake source address to the IP broadcast address of a large network?
A. Fraggle
B. Smurf scan
C. SYN flood
D. Teardrop


15. When investigating a computer forensics case where Microsoft Exchange and Blackberry Enterprise server are used, where would investigator need to search to find email sent from a Blackberry device?
A. RIM Messaging center
B. Blackberry Enterprise server
C. Microsoft Exchange server
D. Blackberry desktop redirector


16. What stage of the incident handling process involves reporting events?
A. Containment
B. Follow-up
C. Identification
D. Recovery


17. When reviewing web logs, you see an entry for resource not found in the HTTP status code field. What is the actual error code that you would see in the log for resource not found?
A. 202
B. 404
C. 606
D. 999



18. While presenting his case to the court, Simon calls many witnesses to the stand to testify. Simon decides to call Hillary Taft, a lay witness, to the stand. Since Hillary is a lay witness, what field would she be considered an expert in?
A. Technical material related to forensics
B. No particular field
C. Judging the character of defendants/victims
D. Legal issues


19. While searching through a computer under investigation, you discover numerous files that appear to have had the first letter of the file name replaced by the hex code byte 5h. What does this indicate on the computer?
A. The files have been marked as hidden
B. The files have been marked for deletion
C. The files are corrupt and cannot be recovered
D. The files have been marked as read-only


20. Where is the startup configuration located on a router?
A. Static RAM
B. BootROM
C. NVRAM
D. Dynamic RAM


21. What is considered a grant of a property right given to an individual who discovers or invents a new machine, process, useful composition of matter or manufacture?
A. Copyright
B. Design patent
C. Trademark
D. Utility patent


22. Harold is finishing up a report on a case of network intrusion, corporate spying, and embezzlement that he has been working on for over six months. He is trying to find the right term to use in his report to describe network enabled spying. What term should Harold use?
A. Spycrack
B. Spynet
C. Netspionage
D. Hackspionage


23. What feature of Windows is the following command trying to utilize?

A. White space
B. AFS
C. ADS
D. Slack file


24. Why would a company issue a dongle with the software they sell?
A. To provide source code protection
B. To provide wireless functionality with the software
C. To provide copyright protection
D. To ensure that keyloggers cannot be used


25. Using Internet logging software to investigate a case of malicious use of computers, the investigator comes across some entries that appear odd.
From the log, the investigator can see where the person in question went on the Internet. From the log, it appears that the user was manually typing in different user ID numbers. What technique this user was trying?

A. Parameter tampering
B. Cross site scripting
C. SQL injection
D. Cookie Poisoning


26. Why would you need to find out the gateway of a device when investigating a wireless attack?
A. The gateway will be the IP of the proxy server used by the attacker to launch the attack
B. The gateway will be the IP of the attacker computer
C. The gateway will be the IP used to manage the RADIUS server
D. The gateway will be the IP used to manage the access point


27. While looking through the IIS log file of a web server, you find the following entries:

What is evident from this log file?
A. Web bugs
B. Cross site scripting
C. Hidden fields
D. SQL injection is possible


28. When operating systems mark a cluster as used but not allocated, the cluster is considered as _________
A. Corrupt
B. Bad
C. Lost
D. Unallocated


29. When a router receives an update for its routing table, what is the metric value change to that path?
A. Increased by 2
B. Decreased by 1
C. Increased by 1
D. Decreased by 2

30. Before performing a logical or physical search of a drive in Encase, what must be added to the program?

A. File signatures
B. Keywords
C. Hash sets
D. Bookmarks

31. What will the following Linux command accomplish?
dd if=/dev/mem of=/home/sam/mem.bin bs=1024

A. Copy the master boot record to a file
B. Copy the contents of the system folder to a file
C. Copy the running memory to a file
D. Copy the memory dump file to an image file


32. In handling computer-related incidents, which IT role should be responsible for recovery, containment, and prevention to constituents?
A. Security Administrator
B. Network Administrator
C. Director of Information Technology
D. Director of Administration


33. Using Linux to carry out a forensics investigation, what would the following command accomplish?
dd if=/usr/home/partition.image of=/dev/sdb2 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror
A. Search for disk errors within an image file
B. Backup a disk to an image file
C. Copy a partition to an image file
D. Restore a disk from an image file


34. Madison is on trial for allegedly breaking into her university internal network. The police raided her dorm room and seized all of her computer equipment. Madison lawyer is trying to convince the judge that the seizure was unfounded and baseless. Under which US Amendment is Madison lawyer trying to prove the police violated?
A. The 10th Amendment
B. The 5th Amendment
C. The 1st Amendment
D. The 4th Amendment


35. When is it appropriate to use computer forensics?
A. If copyright and intellectual property theft/misuse has occurred
B. If employees do not care for their boss management techniques
C. If sales drop off for no apparent reason for an extended period of time
D. If a financial institution is burglarized by robbers


36. Why is it still possible to recover files that have been emptied from the Recycle Bin on a Windows computer?
A. The data is still present until the original location of the file is used
B. The data is moved to the Restore directory and is kept there indefinitely
C. The data will reside in the L2 cache on a Windows computer until it is manually deleted
D. It is not possible to recover data that has been emptied from the Recycle Bin


37. On an Active Directory network using NTLM authentication, where on the domain controllers are the passwords stored?
A. SAM
B. AMS
C. Shadow file
D. Password.conf


38. This type of testimony is presented by someone who does the actual fieldwork and does not offer a view in court.
A. Civil litigation testimony
B. Expert testimony
C. Victim advocate testimony
D. Technical testimony


39. When investigating a wireless attack, what information can be obtained from the DHCP logs?
A. The operating system of the attacker and victim computers
B. IP traffic between the attacker and the victim
C. MAC address of the attacker
D. If any computers on the network are running in promiscuous mode


40. A computer forensics investigator is inspecting the firewall logs for a large financial institution that has employees working 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
What can the investigator infer from the screenshot seen below?

A. A smurf attack has been attempted
B. A denial of service has been attempted
C. Network intrusion has occurred
D. Buffer overflow attempt on the firewall.


41. In the following email header, where did the email first originate from?

A. Somedomain.com
B. Smtp1.somedomain.com
C. Simon1.state.ok.gov.us
D. David1.state.ok.gov.us


42. What will the following command accomplish in Linux?
fdisk /dev/hda
A. Partition the hard drive
B. Format the hard drive
C. Delete all files under the /dev/hda folder
D. Fill the disk with zeros

43. Cylie is investigating a network breach at a state organization in Florida. She discovers that the intruders were able to gain access into the company firewalls by overloading them with IP packets. Cylie then discovers through her investigation that the intruders hacked into the company phone system and used the hard drives on their PBX system to store shared music files. What would this attack on the company PBX system be called?

A. Phreaking
B. Squatting
C. Crunching
D. Pretexting



44. What type of analysis helps to identify the time and sequence of events in an investigation?
A. Time-based
B. Functional
C. Relational
D. Temporal


45. What is the first step taken in an investigation for laboratory forensic staff members?
A. Packaging the electronic evidence
B. Securing and evaluating the electronic crime scene
C. Conducting preliminary interviews
D. Transporting the electronic evidence


46. What encryption technology is used on Blackberry devices Password Keeper?
A. 3DES
B. AES
C. Blowfish
D. RC5


47. Which program is the bootloader when Windows XP starts up?
A. KERNEL.EXE
B. NTLDR
C. LOADER
D. LILO


48. All Blackberry email is eventually sent and received through what proprietary RIM-operated mechanism?
A. Blackberry Message Center
B. Microsoft Exchange
C. Blackberry WAP gateway
D. Blackberry WEP gateway


49. Where are files temporarily written in Unix when printing?
A. /usr/spool
B. /var/print
C. /spool
D. /var/spool


50. Sniffers that place NICs in promiscuous mode work at what layer of the OSI model?
A. Network
B. Transport
C. Physical
D. Data Link


51. Which forensic investigating concept trails the whole incident from how the attack began to how the victim was affected?
A. Point-to-point
B. End-to-end
C. Thorough
D. Complete event analysis


52. You have been called in to help with an investigation of an alleged network intrusion. After questioning the members of the company IT department, you search through the server log files to find any trace of the intrusion. After that you decide to telnet into one of the company routers to see if there is any evidence to be found. While connected to the router, you see some unusual activity and believe that the attackers are currently connected to that router. You start up an ethereal session to begin capturing traffic on the router that could be used in the investigation. At what layer of the OSI model are you monitoring while watching traffic to and from the router?
A. Network
B. Transport
C. Data Link
D. Session


53. Steven has been given the task of designing a computer forensics lab for the company he works for. He has found documentation on all aspects of how to design a lab except the number of exits needed. How many exits should Steven include in his design for the computer forensics lab?
A. Three
B. One
C. Two
D. Four


54. A forensics investigator needs to copy data from a computer to some type of removable media so he can examine the information at another location. The problem is that the data is around 42GB in size. What type of removable media could the investigator use?
A. Blu-Ray single-layer
B. HD-DVD
C. Blu-Ray dual-layer
D. DVD-18


55. Julie is a college student majoring in Information Systems and Computer Science. She is currently writing an essay for her computer crimes class. Julie paper focuses on white-collar crimes in America and how forensics investigators investigate the cases. Julie would like to focus the subject. Julie would like to focus the subject of the essay on the most common type of crime found in corporate America. What crime should Julie focus on?
A. Physical theft
B. Copyright infringement
C. Industrial espionage
D. Denial of Service attacks


56. What type of flash memory card comes in either Type I or Type II and consumes only five percent of the power required by small hard drives?
A. SD memory
B. CF memory
C. MMC memory
D. SM memory


57. Jack Smith is a forensics investigator who works for Mason Computer Investigation Services. He is investigating a computer that was infected by Ramen Virus.

He runs the netstat command on the machine to see its current connections. In the following screenshot, what do the 0.0.0.0 IP addresses signify?
A. Those connections are established
B. Those connections are in listening mode
C. Those connections are in closed/waiting mode
D. Those connections are in timed out/waiting mode


58. When searching through file headers for picture file formats, what should be searched to find a JPEG file in hexadecimal format?
A. FF D8 FF E0 00 10
B. FF FF FF FF FF FF
C. FF 00 FF 00 FF 00
D. EF 00 EF 00 EF 00


59. Davidson Trucking is a small transportation company that has three local offices in Detroit Michigan. Ten female employees that work for the company have gone to an attorney reporting that male employees repeatedly harassed them and that management did nothing to stop the problem. Davidson has employee policies that outline all company guidelines, including awareness on harassment and how it will not be tolerated. When the case is brought to court, whom should the prosecuting attorney call upon for not upholding company policy?
A. IT personnel
B. Employees themselves
C. Supervisors
D. Administrative assistant in charge of writing policies


60. At what layer does a cross site scripting attack occur on?
A. Presentation
B. Application
C. Session
D. Data Link


61. When should an MD5 hash check be performed when processing evidence?
A. After the evidence examination has been completed
B. On an hourly basis during the evidence examination
C. Before and after evidence examination
D. Before the evidence examination has been completed


62. To check for POP3 traffic using Ethereal, what port should an investigator search by?
A. 143
B. 25
C. 110
D. 125


63. John is working on his company policies and guidelines. The section he is currently working on covers company documents; how they should be handled, stored, and eventually destroyed. John is concerned about the process whereby outdated documents are destroyed. What type of shredder should John write in the guidelines to be used when destroying documents?
A. Strip-cut shredder
B. Cross-cut shredder
C. Cross-hatch shredder
D. Cris-cross shredder


64. What file is processed at the end of a Windows XP boot to initialize the logon dialog box?
A. NTOSKRNL.EXE
B. NTLDR
C. LSASS.EXE
D. NTDETECT.COM


65. How often must a company keep log files for them to be admissible in a court of law?
A. All log files are admissible in court no matter their frequency
B. Weekly
C. Monthly
D. Continuously


66. Jacob is a computer forensics investigator with over 10 years experience in investigations and has written over 50 articles on computer forensics. He has been called upon as a qualified witness to testify the accuracy and integrity of the technical log files gathered in an investigation into computer fraud. What is the term used for Jacob testimony in this case?
A. Justification
B. Authentication
C. Reiteration
D. Certification


67. Where is the default location for Apache access logs on a Linux computer?
A. usr/local/apache/logs/access_log
B. bin/local/home/apache/logs/access_log
C. usr/logs/access_log
D. logs/usr/apache/access_log


68. What method of copying should always be performed first before carrying out an investigation?
A. Parity-bit copy
B. Bit-stream copy
C. MS-DOS disc copy
D. System level copy


69. John is working as a computer forensics investigator for a consulting firm in Canada. He is called to seize a computer at a local web caf purportedly used as a botnet server. John thoroughly scans the computer and finds nothing that would lead him to think the computer was a botnet server. John decides to scan the virtual memory of the computer to possibly find something he had missed. What information will the virtual memory scan produce?
A. It contains the times and dates of when the system was last patched
B. It is not necessary to scan the virtual memory of a computer
C. It contains the times and dates of all the system files
D. Hidden running processes


70. What technique is used by JPEGs for compression?
A. ZIP
B. TCD
C. DCT
D. TIFF-8

71. Paraben Lockdown device uses which operating system to write hard drive data?

A. Mac OS
B. Red Hat
C. Unix
D. Windows


72. During an investigation, an employee was found to have deleted harassing emails that were sent to someone else. The company was using Microsoft Exchange and had message tracking enabled. Where could the investigator search to find the message tracking log file on the Exchange server?
A. C:\\Program Files\\Exchsrvr\\servername.log
B. D:\\Exchsrvr\\Message Tracking\\servername.log
C. C:\\Exchsrvr\\Message Tracking\\servername.log
D. C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Exchange\\srvr\\servername.log


73. Paul is a computer forensics investigator working for Tyler & Company Consultants. Paul has been called upon to help investigate a computer hacking ring broken up by the local police. Paul begins to inventory the PCs found in the hackers hideout. Paul then comes across a PDA left by them that is attached to a number of different peripheral devices. What is the first step that Paul must take with the PDA to ensure the integrity of the investigation?
A. Place PDA, including all devices, in an antistatic bag
B. Unplug all connected devices
C. Power off all devices if currently on
D. Photograph and document the peripheral devices


74. What must be obtained before an investigation is carried out at a location?
A. Search warrant
B. Subpoena
C. Habeas corpus
D. Modus operandi

75. How many times can data be written to a DVD+R disk?

A. Twice
B. Once
C. Zero
D. Infinite


76. What is the CIDR from the following screenshot?

A. /24A./24A./24
B. /32 B./32 B./32
C. /16 C./16 C./16
D. /8D./8D./8


77. Harold is a computer forensics investigator working for a consulting firm out of Atlanta Georgia. Harold is called upon to help with a corporate espionage case in Miami Florida. Harold assists in the investigation by pulling all the data from the computers allegedly used in the illegal activities. He finds that two suspects in the company where stealing sensitive corporate information and selling it to competing companies. From the email and instant messenger logs recovered, Harold has discovered that the two employees notified the buyers by writing symbols on the back of specific stop signs. This way, the buyers knew when and where to meet with the alleged suspects to buy the stolen material. What type of steganography did these two suspects use?
A. Text semagram
B. Visual semagram
C. Grill cipher
D. Visual cipher


78. What type of attack sends SYN requests to a target system with spoofed IP addresses?
A. SYN flood
B. Ping of death
C. Cross site scripting
D. Land

79. An on-site incident response team is called to investigate an alleged case of computer tampering within their company. Before proceeding with the investigation, the CEO informs them that the incident will be classified as low level. How long will the team have to respond to the incident?

A. One working day
B. Two working days
C. Immediately
D. Four hours


80. What advantage does the tool Evidor have over the built-in Windows search?
A. It can find deleted files even after they have been physically removed
B. It can find bad sectors on the hard drive
C. It can search slack space
D. It can find files hidden within ADS


81. A picture file is recovered from a computer under investigation. During the investigation process, the file is enlarged 500% to get a better view of its contents. The picture quality is not degraded at all from this process. What kind of picture is this file. What kind of picture is this file?
A. Raster image
B. Vector image
C. Metafile image
D. Catalog image


82. Preparing an image drive to copy files to is the first step in Linux forensics. For this purpose, what would the following command accomplish?
dcfldd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda bs=4096 conv=noerror, sync
A. Fill the disk with zeros
B. Low-level format
C. Fill the disk with 4096 zeros
D. Copy files from the master disk to the slave disk on the secondary IDE controller

83. What will the following command accomplish?
dd if=/dev/xxx of=mbr.backup bs=512 count=1

A. Back up the master boot record
B. Restore the master boot record
C. Mount the master boot record on the first partition of the hard drive
D. Restore the first 512 bytes of the first partition of the hard drive


84. What is the slave device connected to the secondary IDE controller on a Linux OS referred to?
A. hda
B. hdd
C. hdb
D. hdc


85. Why should you never power on a computer that you need to acquire digital evidence from?
A. When the computer boots up, files are written to the computer rendering the data nclean
B. When the computer boots up, the system cache is cleared which could destroy evidence
C. When the computer boots up, data in the memory buffer is cleared which could destroy evidence
D. Powering on a computer has no affect when needing to acquire digital evidence from it


86. A forensics investigator is searching the hard drive of a computer for files that were recently moved to the Recycle Bin. He searches for files in C:\\RECYCLED using a command line tool but does not find anything. What is the reason for this?
A. He should search in C:\\Windows\\System32\\RECYCLED folder
B. The Recycle Bin does not exist on the hard drive
C. The files are hidden and he must use switch to view them
D. Only FAT system contains RECYCLED folder and not NTFS


87. Travis, a computer forensics investigator, is finishing up a case he has been working on for over a month involving copyright infringement and embezzlement. His last task is to prepare an investigative report for the president of the company he has been working for. Travis must submit a hard copy and an electronic copy to this president. In what electronic format should Travis send this report?
A. TIFF-8
B. DOC
C. WPD
D. PDF

88. Given the drive dimensions as follows and assuming a sector has 512 bytes, what is the capacity of the described hard drive?
22,164 cylinders/disk
80 heads/cylinder
63 sectors/track

A. 53.26 GB
B. 57.19 GB
C. 11.17 GB
D. 10 GB


89. Where does Encase search to recover NTFS files and folders?
A. MBR
B. MFT
C. Slack space
D. HAL


90. Under confession, an accused criminal admitted to encrypting child pornography pictures and then hiding them within other pictures. What technique did the accused criminal employ?
A. Typography
B. Steganalysis
C. Picture encoding
D. Steganography


91. When needing to search for a website that is no longer present on the Internet today but was online few years back, what site can be used to view the website collection of pages?
A. Proxify.net
B. Dnsstuff.com
C. Samspade.org

D. Archive.org

92. What is the smallest physical storage unit on a hard drive?
A. Track
B. Cluster
C. Sector
D. Platter


93. Heather, a computer forensics investigator, is assisting a group of investigators working on a large computer fraud case involving over 20 people. These 20 people, working in different offices, allegedly siphoned off money from many different client accounts. Heather responsibility is to find out how the accused people communicated between each other. She has searched their email and their computers and has not found any useful evidence. Heather then finds some possibly useful evidence under the desk of one of the accused. In an envelope she finds a piece of plastic with numerous holes cut out of it. Heather then finds the same exact piece of plastic with holes at many of the other accused peoples desks. Heather believes that the 20 people involved in the case were using a cipher to send secret messages in between each other. What type of cipher was used by the accused in this case?
A. Grill cipher
B. Null cipher
C. Text semagram
D. Visual semagram


94. What feature of Decryption Collection allows an investigator to crack a password as quickly as possible?
A. Cracks every password in 10 minutes
B. Distribute processing over 16 or fewer computers
C. Support for Encrypted File System
D. Support for MD5 hash verification


95. Daryl, a computer forensics investigator, has just arrived at the house of an alleged computer hacker. Daryltakes pictures and tags all computer and peripheral equipment found in the house. Daryl packs all the items found in his van and takes them back to his lab for further examination. At his lab, Michael his assistant helps him with the investigation. Since Michael is still in training, Daryl supervises all of his work very carefully. Michael is not quite sure about the procedures to copy all the data off the computer and peripheral devices. How many data acquisition tools should Michael use when creating copies of the evidence for the investigation?
A. Two
B. One
C. Three
D. Four


96. In the following directory listing,

Which file should be used to restore archived email messages for someone using Microsoft Outlook?
A. Outlook bak
B. Outlook ost
C. Outlook NK2
D. Outlook pst


97. A small law firm located in the Midwest has possibly been breached by a computer hacker looking to obtain information on their clientele. The law firm does not have any on-site IT employees, but wants to search for evidence of the breach themselves to prevent any possible media attention. Why would this not be recommended?
A. Searching for evidence themselves would not have any ill effects
B. Searching could possibly crash the machine or device
C. Searching creates cache files, which would hinder the investigation
D. Searching can change date/time stamps

98. The following is a log file screenshot from a default installation of IIS 6.0.

What time standard is used by IIS as seen in the screenshot?

A. UTC
B. GMT
C. TAI
D. UT

99. What must an investigator do before disconnecting an iPod from any type of computer?

A. Unmount the iPod
B. Mount the iPod
C. Disjoin the iPod
D. Join the iPod


100. What technique used by Encase makes it virtually impossible to tamper with evidence once it has been acquired?
A. Every byte of the file(s) is given an MD5 hash to match against a master file
B. Every byte of the file(s) is verified using 32-bit CRC
C. Every byte of the file(s) is copied to three different hard drives
D. Every byte of the file(s) is encrypted using three different methods


101. What is one method of bypassing a system BIOS password?
A. Removing the processor
B. Removing the CMOS battery
C. Remove all the system memory
D. Login to Windows and disable the BIOS password


102. When using an iPod and the host computer is running Windows, what file system will be used?
A. iPod+
B. HFS
C. FAT16
D. FAT32


103. When carrying out a forensics investigation, why should you never delete a partition on a dynamic disk?
A. All virtual memory will be deleted
B. The wrong partition may be set to active
C. This action can corrupt the disk
D. The computer will be set in a constant reboot state


104. An investigator is searching through the firewall logs of a company and notices ICMP packets that are larger than 65,536 bytes. What type of activity is the investigator seeing?
A. Smurf
B. Ping of death
C. Fraggle
D. Nmap scan


105. When marking evidence that has been collected with the aa/ddmmyy/nnnn/zz format, what does the nnn denote?
A. The year the evidence was taken
B. The sequence number for the parts of the same exhibit
C. The initials of the forensics analyst
D. The sequential number of the exhibits seized


106. If you are concerned about a high level of compression but not concerned about any possible data loss, what type of compression would you use?
A. Lossful compression
B. Lossy compression
C. Lossless compression
D. Time-loss compression


107. What type of equipment would a forensics investigator store in a StrongHold bag?
A. PDAPDA?
B. Backup tapes
C. Hard drives
D. Wireless cards


108. When making the preliminary investigations in a sexual harassment case, how many investigators are you recommended having?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four


109. What layer of the OSI model do TCP and UDP utilize?
A. Data Link
B. Network
C. Transport
D. Session


110. What hashing method is used to password protect Blackberry devices?
A. AES
B. RC5
C. MD5
D. SHA-1



111. If a PDA is seized in an investigation while the device is turned on, what would be the proper procedure?
A. Keep the device powered on
B. Turn off the device immediately
C. Remove the battery immediately
D. Remove any memory cards immediately

112. Tyler is setting up a wireless network for his business that he runs out of his home. He has followed all the directions from the ISP as well as the wireless router manual. He does not have any encryption set and the SSID is being broadcast. On his laptop, he can pick up the wireless signal for short periods of time, but then the connection drops and the signal goes away. Eventually the wireless signal shows back up, but drops intermittently. What could be Tyler issue with his home wireless network?

A. Computers on his wired network
B. Satellite television
C. 2.4Ghz Cordless phones
D. CB radio


113. How many possible sequence number combinations are there in TCP/IP protocol?
A. 1 billion
B. 320 billion
C. 4 billion
D. 32 million


114. In a virtual test environment, Michael is testing the strength and security of BGP using multiple routers to mimic the backbone of the Internet. This project will help him write his doctoral thesis on “bringing down the Internet”. Without sniffing the traffic between the routers, Michael sends millions of RESET packets to the routers in an attempt to shut one or all of them down. After a few hours, one of the routers finally shuts itself down. What will the other routers communicate between themselves?
A. The change in the routing fabric to bypass the affected router
B. More RESET packets to the affected router to get it to power back up
C. RESTART packets to the affected router to get it to power back up
D. STOP packets to all other routers warning of where the attack originated



115. After attending a CEH security seminar, you make a list of changes you would like to perform on your network to increase its security. One of the first things you change is to switch the RestrictAnonymous setting from 0 to 1 on your servers. This, as you were told, would prevent anonymous users from establishing a null session on the server. Using Userinfo tool mentioned at the seminar, you succeed in establishing a null session with one of the servers. Why is that?
A. RestrictAnonymous must be set to “10” for complete security
B. RestrictAnonymous must be set to “3” for complete security
C. RestrictAnonymous must be set to “2” for complete security
D. There is no way to always prevent an anonymous null session from establishing


116. Your company’s network just finished going through a SAS 70 audit. This audit reported that overall, your network is secure, but there are some areas that needs improvement. The major area was SNMP security. The audit company recommended turning off SNMP, but that is not an option since you have so many remote nodes to keep track of. What step could you take to help secure SNMP on your network?
A. Block all internal MAC address from using SNMP
B. Block access to UDP port 171
C. Block access to TCP port 171
D. Change the default community string names


117. After passively scanning the network of Department of Defense (DoD), you switch over to active scanning to identify live hosts on their network. DoD is a large organization and should respond to any number of scans. You start an ICMP ping sweep by sending an IP packet to the broadcast address. Only five hosts respond to your ICMP pings; definitely not the number of hosts you were expecting. Why did this ping sweep only produce a few responses?
A. Only IBM AS/400 will reply to this scan
B. Only Windows systems will reply to this scan
C. A switched network will not respond to packets sent to the broadcast address
D. Only Unix and Unix-like systems will reply to this scan


118. How many bits is Source Port Number in TCP Header packet?
A. 16
B. 32
C. 48
D. 64

119. What does ICMP Type 3/Code 13 mean?

A. Host Unreachable
B. Administratively Blocked
C. Port Unreachable
D. Protocol Unreachable


120. What will the following command accomplish?
A. Test ability of a router to handle over-sized packets
B. Test the ability of a router to handle under-sized packets
C. Test the ability of a WLAN to handle fragmented packets
D. Test the ability of a router to handle fragmented packets


121. Harold wants to set up a firewall on his network but is not sure which one would be the most appropriate. He knows he needs to allow FTP traffic to one of the servers on his network, but he wants to only allow FTP-PUT. Which firewall would be most appropriate for Harold? Needs?
A. Circuit-level proxy firewall
B. Packet filtering firewall
C. Application-level proxy firewall
D. Data link layer firewall


122.Julia is a senior security analyst for Berber Consulting group. She is currently working on a contract for a small accounting firm in Florid a. They have given her permission to perform social engineering attacks on the company to see if their in-house training did any good. Julia calls the main number for the accounting firm and talks to the receptionist. Julia says that she is an IT technician from the company’s main office in Iowa. She states that she needs the receptionist’s network username and password to troubleshoot a problem they are having. Julia says that Bill Hammond, the CEO of the company, requested this information. After hearing the name of the CEO, the receptionist gave Julia all the information she asked for. What principal of social engineering did Julia use?
A. Social Validation
B. Scarcity
C. Friendship/Liking
D. Reciprocation


123. As a security analyst, you setup a false survey website that will require users to create a username and a strong password. You send the link to all the employees of the company. What information will you be able to gather?
A. The IP address of the employees’ computers
B. Bank account numbers and the corresponding routing numbers
C. The employees network usernames and passwords
D. The MAC address of the employees’ computers

124. You are the security analyst working for a private company out of France. Your current assignment is to obtain credit card information from a Swiss bank owned by that company. After initial reconnaissance, you discover that the bank security defenses are very strong and would take too long to penetrate. You decide to get the information by monitoring the traffic between the bank and one of its subsidiaries in London. After monitoring some of the traffic, you see a lot of FTP packets traveling back and forth. You want to sniff the traffic and extract usernames and passwords. What tool could you use to get this information?

A. Airsnort
B. Snort
C. Ettercap
D. RaidSniff


125. What is a good security method to prevent unauthorized users from “tailgating”?
A. Man trap
B. Electronic combination locks
C. Pick-resistant locks
D. Electronic key systems

126. You are running known exploits against your network to test for possible vulnerabilities. To test the strength of your virus software, you load a test network to mimic your production network. Your software successfully blocks some simple macro and encrypted viruses. You decide to really test the software by using virus code where the code rewrites itself entirely and the signatures change from child to child, but the functionality stays the same. What type of virus is this that you are testing?

A. Polymorphic
B. Metamorphic
C. Oligomorhic
D. Transmorphic

127. Kyle is performing the final testing of an application he developed for the accounting department. His last round of testing is to ensure that the program is as secure as possible. Kyle runs the following command. What is he testing at this point?
#include #include int main(int argc, char
*argv[]) { char buffer[10]; if (argc < 2) { fprintf (stderr, “USAGE: %s string\\n”, argv[0]); return 1; }
strcpy(buffer, argv[1]); return 0; }

A. Buffer overflow
B. SQL injection
C. Format string bug
D. Kernal injection

128. James is testing the ability of his routers to withstand DoS attacks. James sends ICMP ECHO requests to the broadcast address of his network. What type of DoS attack is James testing against his network?

A. Smurf
B. Trinoo
C. Fraggle
D. SYN flood

129. A packet is sent to a router that does not have the packet destination address in its route table.
How will the packet get to its proper destination?

A. Root Internet servers
B. Border Gateway Protocol
C. Gateway of last resort
D. Reverse DNS


130. Jonathan is a network administrator who is currently testing the internal security of his network. He is attempting to hijack a session, using Ettercap, of a user connected to his Web server. Why will Jonathan not succeed?
A. Only an HTTPS session can be hijacked
B. HTTP protocol does not maintain session
C. Only FTP traffic can be hijacked
D. Only DNS traffic can be hijacked 
 

131. Harold is a web designer who has completed a website for ghttech.net. As part of the maintenance agreement he signed with the client, Harold is performing research online and seeing how much exposure the site has received so far. Harold navigates to google.com and types in the following search. link:www.ghttech.net What will this search produce?

A. All sites that ghttech.net links to
B. All sites that link to ghttech.net
C. All search engines that link to .net domains
D. Sites that contain the code: link:www.ghttech.net



132. Why is it a good idea to perform a penetration test from the inside?
A. It is never a good idea to perform a penetration test from the inside
B. Because 70% of attacks are from inside the organization
C. To attack a network from a hacker’s perspective
D. It is easier to hack from the inside



133. The objective of this act was to protect consumers’ personal financial information held by financial institutions and their service providers.
A. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
B. Sarbanes-Oxley 2002
C. California SB 1386
D. HIPAA



134. You are a security analyst performing reconnaissance on a company you will be carrying out a penetration test for. You conduct a search for IT jobs on Dice.com and find the following information for an open position: 7+ years experience in Windows Server environment 5+ years experience in Exchange 2000/2003 environment Experience with Cisco Pix Firewall, Linksys 1376 router, Oracle 11i and MYOB v3.4 Accounting software are required MCSA desired, MCSE, CEH preferred No Unix/Linux Experience needed What is this information posted on the job website considered?
A. Social engineering exploit
B. Competitive exploit
C. Information vulnerability
D. Trade secret

135. Terri works for a security consulting firm that is currently performing a penetration test on First National Bank in Tokyo. Terri’s duties include bypassing firewalls and switches to gain access to the network. Terri sends an IP packet to one of the company’s switches with ACK bit and the source address of her machine set. What is Terri trying to accomplish by sending this IP packet?

A. Trick the switch into thinking it already has a session with Terri’s computer
B. Poison the switch’s MAC address table by flooding it with ACK bits
C. Crash the switch with a DoS attack since switches cannot send ACK bits
D. Enable tunneling feature on the switch

136. What are the security risks of running a “repair” installation for Windows XP?

A. Pressing Shift+F10gives the user administrative rights
B. Pressing Shift+F1gives the user administrative rights
C. Pressing Ctrl+F10 gives the user administrative rights
D. There are no security risks when running the “repair” installation for Windows XP

137. You have compromised a lower-level administrator account on an Active Directory network of a small company in Dallas, Texas. You discover Domain Controllers through enumeration. You connect to one of the Domain Controllers on port 389 using ldp.exe. What are you trying to accomplish here?

A. Poison the DNS records with false records
B. Enumerate MX and A records from DNS
C. Establish a remote connection to the Domain Controller
D. Enumerate domain user accounts and built-in groups

138. Jason has set up a honeypot environment by creating a DMZ that has no physical or logical access to his production network. In this honeypot, he has placed a server running Windows Active Directory. He has also placed a Web server in the DMZ that services a number of web pages that offer visitors a chance to download sensitive information by clicking on a button. A week later, Jason finds in his network logs how an intruder accessed the honeypot and downloaded sensitive information. Jason uses the logs to try and prosecute the intruder for stealing sensitive corporate information. Why will this not be viable?

A. Entrapment
B. Enticement
C. Intruding into a honeypot is not illegal
D. Intruding into a DMZ is not illegal

139. After passing her CEH exam, Carol wants to ensure that her network is completely secure. She implements a DMZ, stateful firewall, NAT, IPSEC, and a packet filtering firewall. Since all security measures were taken, none of the hosts on her network can reach the Internet. Why is that?

A. Stateful firewalls do not work with packet filtering firewalls
B. NAT does not work with stateful firewalls
C. IPSEC does not work with packet filtering firewalls
D. NAT does not work with IPSEC

140. Software firewalls work at which layer of the OSI model?

A. Application
B. Network
C. Transport
D. Data Link

141. You just passed your ECSA exam and are about to start your first consulting job running security audits for a financial institution in Los Angeles. The IT manager of the company you will be working for tries to see if you remember your ECSA class. He asks about the methodology you will be using to test the company’s network. How would you answer?

A. Microsoft Methodology
B. Google Methodology
C. IBM Methodology
D. LPT Methodology

142. You are running through a series of tests on your network to check for any security vulnerabilities. After normal working hours, you initiate a DoS attack against your external firewall. The firewall Quickly freezes up and becomes unusable. You then initiate an FTP connection from an external IP into your internal network. The connection is successful even though you have FTP blocked at the external firewall. What has happened?

A. The firewall failed-bypass
B. The firewall failed-closed
C. The firewall ACL has been purged
D. The firewall failed-open

143. When setting up a wireless network with multiple access points, why is it important to set each access point on a different channel?

A. Multiple access points can be set up on the same channel without any issues
B. Avoid over-saturation of wireless signals
C. So that the access points will work on different frequencies
D. Avoid cross talk

144. You are trying to locate Microsoft Outlook Web Access Default Portal using Google search on the Internet. What search string will you use to locate them?

A. allinurl:”exchange/logon.asp”
B. intitle:”exchange server”
C. locate:”logon page”
D. outlook:”search”

145. Harold is a security analyst who has just run the rdisk /s command to grab the backup SAM files on a computer. Where should Harold navigate on the computer to find the file?

A. %systemroot%\\system32\\LSA
B. %systemroot%\\system32\\drivers\\etc
C. %systemroot%\\repair
D. %systemroot%\\LSA

146. What is kept in the following directory? HKLM\\SECURITY\\Policy\\Secrets

A. Cached password hashes for the past 20 users
B. Service account passwords in plain text
C. IAS account names and passwords
D. Local store PKI Kerberos certificates



147. What will the following URL produce in an unpatched IIS Web Server?
http://www.thetargetsite.com/scripts/..% co%af../..%co%af../windows/system32/cmd.exe?/c+dir+c:\\
A. Directory listing of C: drive on the web server
B. Insert a Trojan horse into the C: drive of the web server
C. Execute a buffer flow in the C: drive of the web server
D. Directory listing of the C:\\windows\\system32 folder on the web server

148. On Linux/Unix based Web servers, what privilege should the daemon service be run under?

A. Guest
B. Root
C. You cannot determine what privilege runs the daemon service
D. Something other than root

149. Paul’s company is in the process of undergoing a complete security audit including logical and physical security testing. After all logical tests were performed; it is now time for the physical round to begin. None of the employees are made aware of this round of testing. The security-auditing firm sends in a technician dressed as an electrician. He waits outside in the lobby for some employees to get to work and follows behind them when they access the restricted areas. After entering the main office, he is able to get into the server room telling the IT manager that there is a problem with the outlets in that room. What type of attack has the technician performed?

A. Tailgating
B. Backtrapping
C. Man trap attack
D. Fuzzing

150. What operating system would respond to the following command?

A. Windows 95
B. FreeBSD
C. Windows XP
D. Mac OS X

151. Why are Linux/Unix based computers better to use than Windows computers for idle scanning?

A. Linux/Unix computers are easier to compromise
B. Linux/Unix computers are constantly talking
C. Windows computers are constantly talking
D. Windows computers will not respond to idle scans


152. You work as a penetration tester for Hammond Security Consultants. You are currently working on a contract for the state government of California. Your next step is to initiate a DoS attack on their network. Why would you want to initiate a DoS attack on a system you are testing?
A. Show outdated equipment so it can be replaced
B. List weak points on their network
C. Use attack as a launching point to penetrate deeper into the network
D. Demonstrate that no system can be protected against DoS attacks


153. Jim performed a vulnerability analysis on his network and found no potential problems. He runs another utility that executes exploits against his system to verify the results of the vulnerability test. The second utility executes five known exploits against his network in which the vulnerability analysis said were not exploitable. What kind of results did Jim receive from his vulnerability analysis?
A. False negatives
B. False positives
C. True negatives
D. True positives


154. In Linux, what is the smallest possible shellcode?
A. 24 bytes
B. 8 bytes
C. 800 bytes
D. 80 bytes 
 

155. Your company uses Cisco routers exclusively throughout the network. After securing the routers to the best of your knowledge, an outside security firm is brought in to assess the network security. Although they found very few issues, they were able to enumerate the model, OS version, and capabilities for all your Cisco routers with very little effort. Which feature will you disable to eliminate the ability to enumerate this information on your Cisco routers?

A. Border Gateway Protocol
B. Cisco Discovery Protocol
C. Broadcast System Protocol
D. Simple Network Management Protocol

156. George is the network administrator of a large Internet company on the west coast. Per corporate policy, none of the employees in the company are allowed to use FTP or SFTP programs without obtaining approval from the IT department. Few managers are using SFTP program on their computers. Before talking to his boss, George wants to have some proof of their activity. George wants to use Ethereal to monitor network traffic, but only SFTP traffic to and from his network.
What filter should George use in Ethereal?

A. src port 23 and dst port 23
B. udp port 22 and host 172.16.28.1/24
C. net port 22
D. src port 22 and dst port 22


157. Frank is working on a vulnerability assessment for a company on the West coast. The company hired Frank to assess its network security through scanning, pen tests, and vulnerability assessments. After discovering numerous known vulnerabilities detected by a temporary IDS he set up, he notices a number of items that show up as unknown but Questionable in the logs. He looks up the behavior on the Internet, but cannot find anything related. What organization should Frank submit the log to find out if it is a new vulnerability or not?

A. APIPA

B. IANA
C. CVE
D. RIPE


158. At what layer of the OSI model do routers function on?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 1
D. 5


159. George is performing security analysis for Hammond and Sons LLC. He is testing security vulnerabilities of their wireless network. He plans on remaining as “stealthy” as possible during the scan. Why would a scanner like Nessus is not recommended in this situation?
A. Nessus is too loud
B. Nessus cannot perform wireless testing
C. Nessus is not a network scanner
D. There are no ways of performing a “stealthy” wireless scan


160. After undergoing an external IT audit, George realizes his network is vulnerable to DDoS attacks. What countermeasures could he take to prevent DDoS attacks?
A. Enable direct broadcasts
B. Disable direct broadcasts
C. Disable BGP
D. Enable BGP


161. John is using Firewalk to test the security of his Cisco PIX firewall. He is also utilizing a sniffer located on a subnet that resides deep inside his network. After analyzing the sniffer log files, he does not see any of the traffic produced by Firewalk. Why is that?
A. Firewalk cannot pass through Cisco firewalls
B. Firewalk sets all packets with a TTL of zero
C. Firewalk cannot be detected by network sniffers
D. Firewalk sets all packets with a TTL of one

162. George is a senior security analyst working for a state agency in Florida. His state’s congress just passed a bill mandating every state agency to undergo a security audit annually. After learning what will be required, George needs to implement an IDS as soon as possible before the first audit occurs. The state bill requires that an IDS with a “time-based induction machine” be used.
What IDS feature must George implement to meet this requirement?

A.Signature-based anomaly detection
B. Pattern matching
C. Real-time anomaly detection
D. Statistical-based anomaly detection

163. What is the target host IP in the following command?

A. 172.16.28.95
B. 10.10.150.1
C. Firewalk does not scan target hosts
D. This command is using FIN packets, which cannot scan target hosts

164. Kimberly is studying to be an IT security analyst at a vocational school in her town. The school offers many different programming as well as networking languages. What networking protocol language should she learn that routers utilize?

A. ATM
B. UDP
C. BPG
D. OSPF

165. Meyer Electronics Systems just recently had a number of laptops stolen out of their office. On these laptops contained sensitive corporate information regarding patents and company strategies. A month after the laptops were stolen, a competing company was found to have just developed products that almost exactly duplicated products that Meyer produces. What could have prevented this information from being stolen from the laptops?

A. EFS Encryption
B. DFS Encryption
C. IPS Encryption
D. SDW Encryption

166. Bill is the accounting manager for Grummon and Sons LLC in Chicago. On a regular basis, he needs to send PDF documents containing sensitive information through E-mail to his customers.
Bill protects the PDF documents with a password and sends them to their intended recipients.
Why PDF passwords do not offer maximum protection?

A. PDF passwords can easily be cracked by software brute force tools
B. PDF passwords are converted to clear text when sent through E-mail
C. PDF passwords are not considered safe by Sarbanes-Oxley
D. When sent through E-mail, PDF passwords are stripped from the document completely

167. John and Hillary works at the same department in the company. John wants to find out Hillary’s network password so he can take a look at her documents on the file server. He enables Lophtcrack program to sniffing mode. John sends Hillary an email with a link to Error! Reference source not found. What information will he be able to gather from this?

A. Hillary network username and password hash
B. The SID of Hillary network account
C. The SAM file from Hillary computer
D. The network shares that Hillary has permissions


168. An “idle” system is also referred to as what?
A. PC not connected to the Internet
B. Zombie
C. PC not being used
D. Bot


169. You are the network administrator for a small bank in Dallas, Texas. To ensure network security, you enact a security policy that requires all users to have 14 character passwords. After giving your users 2 weeks notice, you change the Group Policy to force 14 character passwords. A week later you dump the SAM database from the standalone server and run a password-cracking tool against it. Over 99% of the passwords are broken within an hour. Why were these passwords cracked so Quickly?
A. Passwords of 14 characters or less are broken up into two 7-character hashes
B. A password Group Policy change takes at least 3 weeks to completely replicate throughout a network
C. Networks using Active Directory never use SAM databases so the SAM database pulled was empty
D. The passwords that were cracked are local accounts on the Domain Controller


170. Larry is an IT consultant who works for corporations and government agencies. Larry plans on shutting down the city’s network using BGP devices and zombies? What type of Penetration Testing is Larry planning to carry out?
A. Router Penetration Testing
B. DoS Penetration Testing
C. Firewall Penetration Testing
D. Internal Penetration Testing 

171. What is the following command trying to accomplish?

A. Verify that UDP port 445 is open for the 192.168.0.0 network
B. Verify that TCP port 445 is open for the 192.168.0.0 network
C. Verify that NETBIOS is running for the 192.168.0.0 network
D. Verify that UDP port 445 is closed for the 192.168.0.0 network


172. You are a security analyst performing a penetration tests for a company in the Midwest. After some initial reconnaissance, you discover the IP addresses of some Cisco routers used by the company. You type in the following URL that includes the IP address of one of the routers:
http://172.168.4.131/level/99/exec/show/config After typing in this URL, you are presented with the entire configuration file for that router. What have you discovered?
A. HTTP Configuration Arbitrary Administrative Access Vulnerability
B. HTML Configuration Arbitrary Administrative Access Vulnerability
C. Cisco IOS Arbitrary Administrative Access Online Vulnerability
D. URL Obfuscation Arbitrary Administrative Access Vulnerability


173. You work as an IT security auditor hired by a law firm in Boston to test whether you can gain access to sensitive information about the company clients. You have rummaged through their trash and found very little information. You do not want to set off any alarms on their network, so you plan on performing passive foot printing against their Web servers. What tool should you use?
A. Ping sweep
B. Nmap
C. Netcraft
D. Dig

174. Jessica works as systems administrator for a large electronics firm. She wants to scan her network quickly to detect live hosts by using ICMP ECHO Requests. What type of scan is Jessica going to perform?

A. Tracert
B. Smurf scan
C. Ping trace
D. ICMP ping sweep

175. You are assisting a Department of Defense contract company to become compliant with the stringent security policies set by the DoD. One such strict rule is that firewalls must only allow incoming connections that were first initiated by internal computers. What type of firewall must you implement to abide by this policy?

A. Packet filtering firewall
B. Circuit-level proxy firewall
C. Application-level proxy firewall
D. Stateful firewall

176. Michael works for Kimball Construction Company as senior security analyst. As part of yearly security audit, Michael scans his network for vulnerabilities. Using Nmap, Michael conducts XMAS scan and most of the ports scanned do not give a response. In what state are these ports?

A. Closed
B. Open
C. Stealth
D. Filtered

177. If an attacker’s computer sends an IPID of 31400 to a zombie computer on an open port in IDLE scanning, what will be the response?

A. The zombie will not send a response
B. 31402
C. 31399
D. 31401

178. You are carrying out the last round of testing for your new website before it goes live. The website has many dynamic pages and connects to a SQL backend that accesses your product inventory in a database. You come across a web security site that recommends inputting the following code into a search field on web pages to check for vulnerabilities: When you type this and click on search, you receive a pop-up window that says: “This is a test.” What is the result of this test?

A. Your website is vulnerable to CSS
B. Your website is not vulnerable
C. Your website is vulnerable to SQL injection
D. Your website is vulnerable to web bugs

179. You setup SNMP in multiple offices of your company. Your SNMP software manager is not receiving data from other offices like it is for your main office. You suspect that firewall changes are to blame. What ports should you open for SNMP to work through Firewalls? (Choose two.)

A. 162
B. 161
C. 163
D. 160

180. What will the following command produce on a website login page? SELECT email, passwd, login_id, full_name FROM members WHERE email = ‘someone@somehwere.com’; DROP TABLE members; –‘

A. Deletes the entire members table
B. Inserts the Error! Reference source not found.email address into the members table
C. Retrieves the password for the first user in the members table
D. This command will not produce anything since the syntax is incorrect

181. Simon is a former employee of Trinitron XML Inc. He feels he was wrongly terminated and wants to hack into his former company’s network. Since Simon remembers some of the server names, he attempts to run the axfr and ixfr commands using DIG. What is Simon trying to accomplish here?

A. Send DOS commands to crash the DNS servers
B. Perform DNS poisoning
C. Perform a zone transfer
D. Enumerate all the users in the domain

182. When you are running a vulnerability scan on a network and the IDS cuts off your connection, what type of IDS is being used?

A. Passive IDS
B. Active IDS
C. Progressive IDS
D. NIPS

183. Which of the following file system is used by Mac OS X?

A. EFS
B. HFS+
C. EXT2
D. NFS

184. Hackers can gain access to Windows Registry and manipulate user passwords, DNS settings, access rights or others features that they may need in order to accomplish their objectives. One simple method for loading an application at startup is to add an entry (Key) to the following Registry Hive:

A. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\hardware\\windows\\start
B. HKEY_LOCAL_USERS\\Software\\Microsoft\\old\\Version\\Load
C. HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Microsoft\\Default
D. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\CurrentVersion\\Run

185. You are a computer forensics investigator working with local police department and you are called to assist in an investigation of threatening emails. The complainant has printer out 27 email messages from the suspect and gives the printouts to you. You inform her that you will need to examine her computer because you need access to the _________________________ in order to track the emails back to the suspect.

A. Routing Table
B. Firewall log
C. Configuration files
D. Email Header

186. The rule of thumb when shutting down a system is to pull the power plug. However, it has certain drawbacks. Which of the following would that be?

A. Any data not yet flushed to the system will be lost
B. All running processes will be lost
C. The /tmp directory will be flushed
D. Power interruption will corrupt the pagefile

187. The efforts to obtain information before a trail by demanding documents, depositions, questioned and answers written under oath, written requests for admissions of fact and examination of the scene is a description of what legal term?

A. Detection
B. Hearsay
C. Spoliation
D. Discovery

188. Microsoft Outlook maintains email messages in a proprietary format in what type of file?

A. .email
B. .mail
C. .pst
D. .doc

189. Law enforcement officers are conducting a legal search for which a valid warrant was obtained. While conducting the search, officers observe an item of evidence for an unrelated crime that was not included in the warrant. The item was clearly visible to the officers and immediately identified as evidence. What is the term used to describe how this evidence is admissible?

A. Plain view doctrine
B. Corpus delicti
C. Locard Exchange Principle
D. Ex Parte Order

190. You are working as an independent computer forensics investigator and receive a call from a systems administrator for a local school system requesting your assistance. One of the students at the local high school is suspected of downloading inappropriate images from the Internet to a PC in the Computer lab. When you arrive at the school, the systems administrator hands you a hard drive and tells you that he made a simple backup copy of the hard drive in the PC and put it on this drive and requests that you examine that drive for evidence of the suspected images. You inform him that a simple backup copy will not provide deleted files or recover file fragments. What type of copy do you need to make to ensure that the evidence found is complete and admissible in future
proceedings?

A. Bit-stream Copy
B. Robust Copy
C. Full backup Copy
D. Incremental Backup Copy

191. You are assisting in the investigation of a possible Web Server Hack. The company who called you stated that customers reported to them that whenever they entered the web address of the company in their browser, what they received was a porno graphic web site. The company checked the web server and nothing appears wrong. When you type in the IP address of the web site in your browser everything appears normal. What is the name of the attack that affects the DNS cache of the name resolution servers, resulting in those servers directing users to the wrong web site?

A. ARP Poisoning
B. DNS Poisoning
C. HTTP redirect attack
D. IP Spoofing

192. In conducting a computer abuse investigation you become aware that the suspect of the investigation is using ABC Company as his Internet Service Provider (ISP). You contact ISP and request that they provide you assistance with your investigation. What assistance can the ISP provide?

A. The ISP can investigate anyone using their service and can provide you with assistance
B. The ISP can investigate computer abuse committed by their employees, but must preserve the privacy of their customers and therefore cannot assist you without a warrant
C. The ISP can’t conduct any type of investigations on anyone and therefore can’t assist you
D. ISP’s never maintain log files so they would be of no use to your investigation

193. As a CHFI professional, which of the following is the most important to your professional reputation?

A. Your Certifications
B. The correct, successful management of each and every case
C. The free that you charge
D. The friendship of local law enforcement officers

194. You are conducting an investigation of fraudulent claims in an insurance company that involves complex text searches through large numbers of documents. Which of the following tools would allow you to quickly and efficiently search for a string within a file on the bitmap image of the target computer?

A. Stringsearch
B. grep
C. dir
D. vim

195. When cataloging digital evidence, the primary goal is to

A. Make bit-stream images of all hard drives
B. Preserve evidence integrity
C. Not remove the evidence from the scene
D. Not allow the computer to be turned off

196. The police believe that Melvin Matthew has been obtaining unauthorized access to computers belonging to numerous computer software and computer operating systems manufacturers, cellular telephone manufacturers, Internet Service Providers and Educational Institutions. They also suspect that he has been stealing, copying and misappropriating proprietary computer software belonging to the several victim companies. What is preventing the police from breaking down the suspects door and searching his home and seizing all of his computer equipment if they have not yet obtained a warrant?

A. The Fourth Amendment
B. The USA patriot Act
C. The Good Samaritan Laws
D. The Federal Rules of Evidence

197. A law enforcement officer may only search for and seize criminal evidence with _______________________, which are facts or circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime has been committed or is about to be committed, evidence of the specific crime exists and the evidence of the specific crime exists at the place to be searched.

A. Mere Suspicion
B. A preponderance of the evidence
C. Probable cause
D. Beyond a reasonable doubt

198. You are working as a Computer forensics investigator for a corporation on a computer abuse case. You discover evidence that shows the subject of your investigation is also embezzling money from the company. The company CEO and the corporate legal counsel advise you to contact law enforcement and provide them with the evidence that you have found. The law enforcement officer that responds requests that you put a network sniffer on your network and monitor all traffic to the subject’s computer. You inform the officer that you will not be able to comply with that request because doing so would:

A. Violate your contract
B. Cause network congestion
C. Make you an agent of law enforcement
D. Write information to the subject’s hard drive

199. You have been asked to investigate after a user has reported a threatening e-mail they have received from an external source. Which of the following are you most interested in when trying to trace the source of the message?

A. The X509 Address
B. The SMTP reply Address
C. The E-mail Header
D. The Host Domain Name

200. You have completed a forensic investigation case. You would like to destroy the data contained in various disks at the forensics lab due to sensitivity of the case. How would you permanently erase the data on the hard disk?

A. Throw the hard disk into the fire
B. Run the powerful magnets over the hard disk
C. Format the hard disk multiple times using a low level disk utility
D. Overwrite the contents of the hard disk with Junk data